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At this point, things actually started to look up. While there were still miles to go before one could sleep (or watch unbastardized Harlock; whichever you find more desirable), this was finally a solid step in the right direction. 1987 saw the release of several anime titles dubbed in English by Peregrine Films and distributed by the worrisomely named Just For Kids Video, including dubs of My Youth in Arcadia, Locke the Superman, Cyborg 009: Legend of Super Galaxy, and a pitifully chopped and dubbed version of the Macross movie renamed 'Clash of the Bionoids.' The Arcadia dub, retitled 'Vengeance of the Space Pirate,' was one of their better efforts, and for its day, wasn't half bad...though do the math, and you'll see the problem.
For the first time, we got to see a dubbed version of a Harlock property that actually kept all the original names. Well, virtually all of them. The slimy Illumidas officer Muriguson was rechristened 'Murgison,' which frankly could have been due to nothing more than a typo, though it was probably in the interest of making the name easier to say. Everyone else got to keep their names intact, even Tochiro Oyama, he of the uncannily foreign-sounding moniker. He never gives his proper name of 'Toshiro' here, as in the Japanese version, but at least he's still Tochiro, and not Sundown McMoon, or even Roger Devlin (Harmony Gold's version). The script is also remarkably well-adapted, with only a few minor changes: we don't ever hear the name of the city (Heiligenstadt) where Harlock and Maya grew up, and unsurprisingly, Harlock's assertion that 'We will never pray for anything' was replaced by the more acceptable (for Americans, anyway) 'We will never surrender to anyone.' Occasionally, the dialogue actually sounds a little too literal, making for some conversations that don't really flow particularly well. But for the fan who wanted to know what was going on in this essential chapter--or version, if you will--of the Harlock mythos, this was probably the next best thing to Japanese fluency, which is a bit harder to come by.
The voice acting is okay. Just okay. Nothing that impresses, but nothing to make one shrink like a liquified cat into a corner, either. The problem mostly comes from the incompatibility of the acting quality with the style of the script. The Arcadia film is melodramatic on a Shakesperean level, and it really needs performers of the caliber that can carry off such bombast and make it seem truly sincere. As it is, we can hear the actors reaching here, palpably trying to act, which undermines the film's true dramatic potential.
Unfortunately, it ain't all wine and roses (though we do see a great deal of both). The editing is where this dub really falls short of the mark, literally. The running time has been trimmed by twenty minutes, and the biggest loss is the seven-minute 'Owen-Stanley Mountains' sequence that opens the Japanese film, depicting a distant ancestor of Captain Harlock, Phantom F. Harlock Senior, braving new heights in aviation in his biplane 'Arcadia.' One of the most artful and metaphorical sequences out of all of the Harlock stories, the episode finds its mirror in the later 'Flame Stream Prominence' segment of the film, wherein Captain Harlock is pitted against a similar challenge during his attempt to escape the Illumidas fleet and return to Earth. There's precious little literal meaning in this rhyming couplet of scenes, and removing the first but not the second one leaves the whole thing dangling out there for the uninitiated viewer to wonder what the hell they're supposed to be seeing.
The prologue aside, most of the edits come in little snips here and there. Some aren't that noticeable, but some are. The moment of Maya's death is never seen; we're simply told that she 'is now gone,' apparently sometime during the second or so between this pronouncement and her last bit of speaking. Violent content tended to get the scissor treatment, too, so some important scenes, such as the death of Zoll (if you've not seen this movie already, I'm of course totally ruining it for you) and the scarring of Emeraldas' face, now don't appear onscreen and can leave people confused as to when these things were supposed to have happened. All this aside, however, the sad fact is that even the more logically-decided edits are still noticeable due to the fact that the music wasn't remixed (though it was lowered in volume throughout) to account for the cuts, so it jumps awkwardly whenever an edit hits. It was always my belief that the video had been fully dubbed first, and edited down after the fact; the converse simply made no sense. (History would eventually vindicate me on this.) Oh, and did I mention that there's a second-long shot of a cat cut out? What the hell is with these people?!
The film does feature an English adaptation (note that I didn't use the word 'translation') of the closing theme song, but they managed to put it in precisely the wrong place; we now hear it as the Arcadia launches, right smack dab in the middle of the movie. It's really not the right mood for the scene, but one can at least console themselves with the fact that at least it's music from the original soundtrack, and not something akin to ZIV's 'Take to the Sky' theme song. The most bizarre malady afflicting the video, however, is the mysterious background chatter that can be heard here and there, especially during the final battle scene. Some unused track that had not been erased, perhaps, or just technicians and/or other studio workers who didn't know the meaning of 'quiet on the set' obliviously blabbering away. It's not so loud as to be terribly intrusive, but it's far from unnoticeable.
The box for this video is a bit interesting: most of the pictures are flipped left-to-right, so Harlock's scar and eyepatch are on the wrong sides. Two of the three pics on the back are from cut scenes, and the (obviously American) artwork on the front cover shows Zoll shooting out Harlock's eye, which of course doesn't happen (yet this can't be blamed on the Americans, for once; the picture is copied pretty much directly from a shot in the longer of two My Youth in Arcadia trailers, which are comprised almost entirely of animation not actually found in the movie, including this very scene. Go figure.) It also misspells 'Illumidas' as 'Ulmedas,' which fortunately didn't reflect the pronunciation used in the dub itself.
More recently, this film has been released on DVD by East West DVD, which is a really great improvement...if you don't happen to own a VCR anymore. If you still do, then in fact it's not an improvement at all, as the DVD version looks to have been the result of a straight copy of the VHS version, and one which had been watched with great frequency in between its regular stints as a toilet brush. It goes straight into the movie without stopping at the menu, and manages to skip over the first few seconds of the film, as if the part-time video technician, part time burger-slinger responsible for mastering it didn't hit the record button quite fast enough and didn't feel like wasting his valuable glue-sniffing time with any pesky restarts. The box art offers us a cover pic which I imagine was drawn in Magic Marker by the company CEO's four year-old son, back cover art swiped from Galaxy Express, and the disc's listed features include 'interactive menus' and 'color.' Color! Ooooh! Somebody hose me down before I wet myself!
Step in the right direction that this may have been, it wasn't quite a broad enough step. An English dub of anything Harlock that was worthy of its name was still slouching towards Arcadia waiting to be born, and it wouldn't be getting there anytime soon. It was about to take a step backward so far that its forward progress here would seem as if it had never existed.

Captain Harlock (キャプテン・ハーロック, Kyaputen Hārokku, also known as 'Captain Herlock' in the English release of Endless Odyssey and some Japanese materials) is a fictional character and protagonist of the Space Pirate Captain Harlockmanga series created by Leiji Matsumoto.

Harlock is the archetypical Romantic hero, a space pirate with an individualist philosophy of life. He is as noble as he is taciturn, rebellious, stoically fighting against totalitarian regimes, whether they be Earth-born or alien^{[citation needed]}. In his own words, he 'fight[s] for no one's sake... only for something deep in [his] heart.' He does not fear death, and is sometimes seen wearing clothing with the number 42 on it. In Japanese culture, the number 42 is associated with death (the numbers, pronounced separately as 'four two,' sound like the word 'shini'—meaning 'dying/death').^{[citation needed]}

The character was created by Leiji Matsumoto in 1977 and popularized in the 1978 television series Space Pirate Captain Harlock.^[1] Since then, the character has appeared in numerous animated television series and films, the latest of which is 2013's Space Pirate Captain Harlock.

History[edit]

Though there are slight variations in each telling of Harlock's story, the essentials remain the same. Matsumoto presents a future (2977 AD) in which the Earth has achieved a vast starfaring civilization, but is slowly and steadily succumbing to ennui or despair, often due to defeat and subjugation by a foreign invader. Rising against the general apathy, Harlock denies defeat and leads an outlaw crew aboard his starship Arcadia to undertake daring raids against Earth's oppressors. Even though they have defeated Earth and devastated its peoples, the invaders are often presented in a sympathetic light, being shown as having some justification for their actions.

Space Pirate Captain Harlock (1978 TV series)[edit]

In Space Pirate Captain Harlock, the Captain's crew included the mysterious, alcohol-imbibing alien woman Miime, a robot, and a drunken doctor. The series presented a story arc in which a huge black metal sphere strikes Tokyo and ancient Mayan legends appear to be walking the Earth again. The invaders turn out to be the Mazone, a race of plant-based women who explored Earth in the mythic past and are now back to reclaim it. Only Harlock and his mismatched crew are brave and capable enough to face the enemy.

Captain Harlock – Mystery of the Arcadia[edit]

This 1978 short film is ostensibly a retelling of Episode 13 of the 1978 series, 'The Witch's Ocean Castle of Death.' It consists primarily of recycled footage taken from this same episode, but presented in widescreen format. Some new alternate footage is added at the beginning of the story, and some soundtrack adjustments were made throughout.

Arcadia of My Youth[edit]

The Arcadia of My Youth feature film was released on July 28, 1982. The film, set in a different continuity from the original TV series, chronicles Harlock's beginnings as a space pirate and his acquisition of the spaceship Arcadia. The movie also includes flashback material dealing with two of his 20th-century ancestors.

Endless Orbit SSX[edit]

Arcadia of My Youth was followed by 22 episodes of the TV series Endless Orbit SSX starting in October 1982. Its official French title is simply Albator, although it early became popular among French speakers as Albator 84 since it was first aired in France as of 1984 and the 1978 series had been formerly named in French exactly the same: Albator. The series dealt with Harlock and company's continuing struggle against the Illumidas occupying force, who still retained control of Earth at the end of the theatrical feature. Both film (Arcadia of My Youth) and second series (Endless Orbit SSX) feature a newly designed starship and lack most of the crew from the Space Pirate series, but are noteworthy for the presence of Emeraldas, a female counterpart to Harlock who originally appeared in a series of Matsumoto-penned graphic novels.

Harlock Saga[edit]

Space Pirate Captain Harlock Film

In the 1990s, Matsumoto released Harlock Saga, a mini-series based on Das Rheingold. The series recasts the Captain and his crew in roles with analogues in The Ring Cycle and pits them against a race of 'gods' set on redesigning the universe to their liking.

Gun Frontier[edit]

On March 28, 2002 Gun Frontier, a buddy comedy set in the American Old West, began broadcasting in TV Tokyo. The series follows Franklin Harlock Jr. and Tochiro Ōyama as they search for a lost clan of Japanese immigrants. In contrast to other works, Harlock appears here as Tochiro's sidekick.

Endless Odyssey[edit]

December 2002 saw the release of Space Pirate Captain Harlock: The Endless Odyssey,^[2] directed by Rintaro.

The story is set after the original TV series, with Harlock on a self-imposed exile and his crew either in jail or flying under the Jolly Roger. The series details Harlock's return and his round-up of the Arcadia crew for a fight against the Noo, a mysterious and ancient evil which has caused the Earth to disappear, and who use fear to conquer their foes. As nearly every part of this series is geared to be a sequel to the original Captain Harlock TV series, Endless Odyssey reintroduces Tadashi Daiba to the Arcadia.

Space Pirate Captain Harlock (2013 movie)[edit]

On March 24, 2010, Toei Animation announced the release of the new Harlock movie, they announced a completed pilot for its planned computer-graphics remake of Leiji Matsumoto and Toei's Space Pirate Captain Harlock manga and anime franchise, and it has revealed a preliminary image and the project's staff. Mobile Suit Gundam UC author Harutoshi Fukui, Appleseed director Shinji Aramaki, Appleseed mechanical designer Atsushi Takeuchi, and Ninja Scroll character designer Yutaka Minowa worked on the new Space Pirate Captain Harlock pilot with Marza Animation Planet (formerly known as Sega Sammy Visual Entertainment).^[3]

The official trailer/pilot was aired at the Kawaii-Kon Anime festival in Hawaii on April 17, 2010, as a special presentation courtesy of Director Shinji Aramaki. This is the first time it has been seen/aired in the United States. The CG animated film is tentatively schedule for international release in 2012.

On January 31, 2013 during the presentation of its upcoming film lineup, Toei announced that the anime will be out in Fall 2013.According to the news source Oricon, this film has Toei Animation's highest production budget ever at the equivalent of over 30 million U.S. dollars.^[4][5]

The film premiered in Japan on September 7, 2013. It also film premiered on Netflix under the title Harlock: Space Pirate with Japanese, Portuguese and Spanish audio and with English, Portuguese and Spanish subtitles.^[6][7]

Captain Harlock: Dimensional Voyage[edit]

On August 2014, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of his debut, Matsumoto launched the manga Captain Harlock: Dimensional Voyage, illustrated by Kōichi Shimahoshi, in the pages of Akita Shoten's Champion Red magazine.^[8]Dimensional Voyage is a retelling of the original 1978 Space Pirate Captain Harlock manga.

Reception and cultural impact[edit]

Harlock has achieved notable popularity. In 1979, the character won the first annual Anime Grand Prix for favorite character.^[9] In 2006, Harlock and the characters of Galaxy Express 999 were recognized in the third set of 'Anime Heroes and Heroines' stamps.^[10] Harlock was ranked fourth in Mania Entertainment's 10 Most Iconic Anime Heroes written by Thomas Zoth who commented that 'as befitting his archetype status, Harlock has inspired many other manga and anime characters with his strong, stoic appearance and manner.'^[11]

Several anime and manga characters have been, in some way, inspired by Matsumoto's creation. Naoko Takeuchi drew inspiration from Harlock's stoic qualities ('strong, silent, unshakeable') when designing the character of Tuxedo Mask,^[12] while Last Exile's Alex Row was modeled after the Captain.^[13] His basic character design is even thought to be a source of inspiration for Osamu Tezuka's manga character Black Jack. A parody of Harlock also appears in Project A-ko.^{[citation needed]}

Adaptations in other media[edit]

Harlock Space Pirate Wiki

• In France, where the anime was very popular, but renamed 'Albator' to avoid mix-ups with Captain Haddock, in the early 1980s, a local comic series in album format was produced by writer Claude Moliterni and anonymous artists of Studio Five Stars.
• Eternity Comics, an imprint of Malibu Comics, produced an American comic book series based on Captain Harlock. It was written by Robert W. Gibson and illustrated by Ben Dunn and Tim Eldred. The storyline allegedly started two years after the events in Arcadia of My Youth but ignores the events in Endless Road SSX while still borrowing elements from them. The comics discontinued in 1992 after it was discovered that Malibu did not have the rights to use Captain Harlock. Reportedly, the alleged representative for the rights to Harlock with whom Malibu exchanged money turned out to be fraudulent and was in no way connected to the rights holders.
• In April 2008, Eight Peaks, a South Korean production company, announced that it had signed a joint production contract with Japan's Genome Entertainment to produce a live-action film based on Captain Harlock. Original creator Leiji Matsumoto expressed concern with the project, as neither company had approached him for consent to make the film.^[14]

Other appearances[edit]

• Captain Harlock, or characters indistinguishable from him, have made frequent 'unbilled cameo' appearances in many other works of Leiji Matsumoto, including Galaxy Express 999, Queen Emeraldas, and Galaxy Railways as the joker in a deck of playing cards.
• Captain Harlock was originally intended to appear in Space Battleship Yamato during their return voyage from Iscandar. The idea was dropped for a number of reasons which probably included the fact that the rights to Yamato were at the time owned by executive producer Yoshinobu Nishizaki. This idea evolved into simply finding Mamoru Kodai (Alex Wildstar) alive on Iscandar. The idea was still used later in a Yamato manga by Matsumoto where Yamato later encounters Mamoru who assumed the false identity of Captain Harlock (as revealed when hero Susumu Kodai finds a copy of a Captain Harlock manga among his supposedly dead brother's belongings).
• In 2001, Cosmo Warrior Zero presented a version of the story in which Captain Zero, a human veteran of the Earth-Mechanized War, is commanded by the Machine Men, who won the war and now rule Earth, to hunt down the Space Pirate who is still resisting the invaders. This series focuses on Zero and his misfit crew as they take on the hopeless mission, fighting a more skilled enemy who also may be more justified in his actions than they are. Harlock, Tochiro and Emeraldas put in mostly supporting guest appearances, and are shown as being slightly younger than their previous incarnations.
• In the Warhammer 40,000 Roleplay tabletop games, the legendary Rogue Trader Solomon Haarlock is presumably named after Captain Harlock and Robert E. Howard's Solomon Kane. Another member of the Haarlock Dynasty, Erasmus Haarlock, bears a number of physical similarities to Captain Harlock: the long, wild hair, a missing right eye (a cybernetic replacement rather than just an eyepatch) and scars around his left eye.
• In the episode 'Space Booty' of Megas XLR, the villain is a parody of Harlock, his name even being Warlock. He invites Coop. Kiva, and Jamie onto his ship and tries to convince Kiva to stay with him and forget about her two friends.
• Glenn Danzig would often wear a Captain Harlock skull and crossbones T-shirt when he played in The Misfits.
• Electronic music producer, James Spinney, uses 'DJ Harlock' as his alias for production and live performances, and is known for loosely using themes in his tracks that echo Matsumoto's work with Daft Punk.
• In the cartoon series Steven Universe, the character Lars Barriga takes up an appearance and role inspired by Captain Harlock in the season five episode 'Lars of the Stars'.

References[edit]

Space Pirate Captain Harlock Manga

1. ^Rooney, David (2013-09-05). 'Harlock: Space Pirate: Venice Review'. The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved 2014-08-14.
2. ^The word 'harlock' is derived from the Anglo-Saxon 'hoarlocke,' meaning 'one with gray hair.' Both 'Harlock' and 'Herlock' are common translations of the Japanese name into Roman script and both have been used in both Japan and America. 'Harlock' has been used more often, but some recent American releases have used the 'Herlock' spelling.
3. ^http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2010-03-24/captain-harlock-new-cg-pilot-images-staff-revealed
4. ^'Captain Harlock Sci-Fi Anime's Remake to Open This Fall – News'. Anime News Network. 2013-09-18. Retrieved 2013-09-22.
5. ^'『キャプテンハーロック』リメイク映画で30年ぶりに今秋復活 (松本零士) ニュース-ORICON STYLE'. Oricon.co.jp. Retrieved 2013-09-22.
6. ^Fowler, Matt (2014-05-23). 'Harlock: Space Pirate Headed to Netflix'. IGN. IGN Entertainment. Retrieved 2014-09-05.
7. ^'Captain Harlock CG Film Now Available on Netflix in U.S., U.K.'Anime News Network. 2014-08-03. Retrieved 2014-09-05.
8. ^'Leiji Matsumoto to Launch New Captain Harlock Manga'. Anime News Network. 18 July 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
9. ^'月刊アニメージュ【公式サイト】'. Animage.jp. Archived from the original on 2010-09-17. Retrieved 2013-09-22.
10. ^'Animation Hero and Heroine Series III: Galaxy Express 999'.
11. ^Zoth, Thomas (2010-01-12). '10 Most Iconic Anime Heroes'. Mania. Demand Media. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2014-08-14.
12. ^Holzer, Stefanie (July–August 1999). 'Interview mit Naoko Takeuchi'. AnimaniA (in German) (30).
13. ^'An interview with Range Murata'. The Journal of the Lincoln Heights Literary Society Miscellanea and Ephemeron. 2005-06-03. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
14. ^'Matsumoto: Korean Harlock Film Planned Without Consent'. Anime News Network. 2008-04-16.

External links[edit]

Watch Harlock Space Pirate

• (in Italian)Capitan Harlock (Anime Mundi), detailed production information

Space Pirate Captain Harlock 1978